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Are there any alternative interventional methods for lumbar sympathectomy?

Alternative interventional methods for the Endoscopic Lumbar Sympathectomy procedure have included radiofrequency ablation of the sympathetic chain and chemical lumbar sympathectomy using phenol injections. However, both approaches have shown limited success. In chemical sympathectomy, phenol may diffuse to adjacent vital structures, leading to serious complications. Radiofrequency ablation faces challenges due to uncertainty regarding the optimal energy dose and difficulty in precisely targeting the appropriate segment of the lumbar sympathetic chain. Given these limitations and risks, we do not recommend these alternative methods.